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authorLexi Winter <lexi@le-fay.org>2025-06-29 19:25:29 +0100
committerLexi Winter <lexi@le-fay.org>2025-06-29 19:25:29 +0100
commitbc524d70253a4ab2fe40c3ca3e5666e267c0a4d1 (patch)
tree1e629e7b46b1d9972a973bc93fd100bcebd395be /src/catch2/catch_tostring.hpp
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+
+// Copyright Catch2 Authors
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// (See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+// https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSL-1.0
+#ifndef CATCH_TOSTRING_HPP_INCLUDED
+#define CATCH_TOSTRING_HPP_INCLUDED
+
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <catch2/internal/catch_compiler_capabilities.hpp>
+#include <catch2/internal/catch_config_wchar.hpp>
+#include <catch2/internal/catch_reusable_string_stream.hpp>
+#include <catch2/internal/catch_void_type.hpp>
+#include <catch2/interfaces/catch_interfaces_enum_values_registry.hpp>
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_STRING_VIEW
+#include <string_view>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable:4180) // We attempt to stream a function (address) by const&, which MSVC complains about but is harmless
+#endif
+
+// We need a dummy global operator<< so we can bring it into Catch namespace later
+struct Catch_global_namespace_dummy{};
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, Catch_global_namespace_dummy);
+
+namespace Catch {
+ // Bring in global namespace operator<< for ADL lookup in
+ // `IsStreamInsertable` below.
+ using ::operator<<;
+
+ namespace Detail {
+
+ inline std::size_t catch_strnlen(const char *str, std::size_t n) {
+ auto ret = std::char_traits<char>::find(str, n, '\0');
+ if (ret != nullptr) {
+ return static_cast<std::size_t>(ret - str);
+ }
+ return n;
+ }
+
+ constexpr StringRef unprintableString = "{?}"_sr;
+
+ //! Encases `string in quotes, and optionally escapes invisibles
+ std::string convertIntoString( StringRef string, bool escapeInvisibles );
+
+ //! Encases `string` in quotes, and escapes invisibles if user requested
+ //! it via CLI
+ std::string convertIntoString( StringRef string );
+
+ std::string rawMemoryToString( const void *object, std::size_t size );
+
+ template<typename T>
+ std::string rawMemoryToString( const T& object ) {
+ return rawMemoryToString( &object, sizeof(object) );
+ }
+
+ template<typename T>
+ class IsStreamInsertable {
+ template<typename Stream, typename U>
+ static auto test(int)
+ -> decltype(std::declval<Stream&>() << std::declval<U>(), std::true_type());
+
+ template<typename, typename>
+ static auto test(...)->std::false_type;
+
+ public:
+ static const bool value = decltype(test<std::ostream, const T&>(0))::value;
+ };
+
+ template<typename E>
+ std::string convertUnknownEnumToString( E e );
+
+ template<typename T>
+ std::enable_if_t<
+ !std::is_enum<T>::value && !std::is_base_of<std::exception, T>::value,
+ std::string> convertUnstreamable( T const& ) {
+ return std::string(Detail::unprintableString);
+ }
+ template<typename T>
+ std::enable_if_t<
+ !std::is_enum<T>::value && std::is_base_of<std::exception, T>::value,
+ std::string> convertUnstreamable(T const& ex) {
+ return ex.what();
+ }
+
+
+ template<typename T>
+ std::enable_if_t<
+ std::is_enum<T>::value,
+ std::string> convertUnstreamable( T const& value ) {
+ return convertUnknownEnumToString( value );
+ }
+
+#if defined(_MANAGED)
+ //! Convert a CLR string to a utf8 std::string
+ template<typename T>
+ std::string clrReferenceToString( T^ ref ) {
+ if (ref == nullptr)
+ return std::string("null");
+ auto bytes = System::Text::Encoding::UTF8->GetBytes(ref->ToString());
+ cli::pin_ptr<System::Byte> p = &bytes[0];
+ return std::string(reinterpret_cast<char const *>(p), bytes->Length);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ } // namespace Detail
+
+
+ template <typename T, typename = void>
+ struct StringMaker {
+ template <typename Fake = T>
+ static
+ std::enable_if_t<::Catch::Detail::IsStreamInsertable<Fake>::value, std::string>
+ convert(const Fake& value) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ // NB: call using the function-like syntax to avoid ambiguity with
+ // user-defined templated operator<< under clang.
+ rss.operator<<(value);
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+
+ template <typename Fake = T>
+ static
+ std::enable_if_t<!::Catch::Detail::IsStreamInsertable<Fake>::value, std::string>
+ convert( const Fake& value ) {
+#if !defined(CATCH_CONFIG_FALLBACK_STRINGIFIER)
+ return Detail::convertUnstreamable(value);
+#else
+ return CATCH_CONFIG_FALLBACK_STRINGIFIER(value);
+#endif
+ }
+ };
+
+ namespace Detail {
+
+ // This function dispatches all stringification requests inside of Catch.
+ // Should be preferably called fully qualified, like ::Catch::Detail::stringify
+ template <typename T>
+ std::string stringify(const T& e) {
+ return ::Catch::StringMaker<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>>::convert(e);
+ }
+
+ template<typename E>
+ std::string convertUnknownEnumToString( E e ) {
+ return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<E>>(e));
+ }
+
+#if defined(_MANAGED)
+ template <typename T>
+ std::string stringify( T^ e ) {
+ return ::Catch::StringMaker<T^>::convert(e);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ } // namespace Detail
+
+ // Some predefined specializations
+
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<std::string> {
+ static std::string convert(const std::string& str);
+ };
+
+#ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_STRING_VIEW
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<std::string_view> {
+ static std::string convert(std::string_view str);
+ };
+#endif
+
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<char const *> {
+ static std::string convert(char const * str);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<char *> {
+ static std::string convert(char * str);
+ };
+
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_WCHAR)
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<std::wstring> {
+ static std::string convert(const std::wstring& wstr);
+ };
+
+# ifdef CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_STRING_VIEW
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<std::wstring_view> {
+ static std::string convert(std::wstring_view str);
+ };
+# endif
+
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<wchar_t const *> {
+ static std::string convert(wchar_t const * str);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<wchar_t *> {
+ static std::string convert(wchar_t * str);
+ };
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_WCHAR
+
+ template<size_t SZ>
+ struct StringMaker<char[SZ]> {
+ static std::string convert(char const* str) {
+ return Detail::convertIntoString(
+ StringRef( str, Detail::catch_strnlen( str, SZ ) ) );
+ }
+ };
+ template<size_t SZ>
+ struct StringMaker<signed char[SZ]> {
+ static std::string convert(signed char const* str) {
+ auto reinterpreted = reinterpret_cast<char const*>(str);
+ return Detail::convertIntoString(
+ StringRef(reinterpreted, Detail::catch_strnlen(reinterpreted, SZ)));
+ }
+ };
+ template<size_t SZ>
+ struct StringMaker<unsigned char[SZ]> {
+ static std::string convert(unsigned char const* str) {
+ auto reinterpreted = reinterpret_cast<char const*>(str);
+ return Detail::convertIntoString(
+ StringRef(reinterpreted, Detail::catch_strnlen(reinterpreted, SZ)));
+ }
+ };
+
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_BYTE)
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<std::byte> {
+ static std::string convert(std::byte value);
+ };
+#endif // defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_BYTE)
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<int> {
+ static std::string convert(int value);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<long> {
+ static std::string convert(long value);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<long long> {
+ static std::string convert(long long value);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<unsigned int> {
+ static std::string convert(unsigned int value);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<unsigned long> {
+ static std::string convert(unsigned long value);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<unsigned long long> {
+ static std::string convert(unsigned long long value);
+ };
+
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<bool> {
+ static std::string convert(bool b) {
+ using namespace std::string_literals;
+ return b ? "true"s : "false"s;
+ }
+ };
+
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<char> {
+ static std::string convert(char c);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<signed char> {
+ static std::string convert(signed char value);
+ };
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<unsigned char> {
+ static std::string convert(unsigned char value);
+ };
+
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<std::nullptr_t> {
+ static std::string convert(std::nullptr_t) {
+ using namespace std::string_literals;
+ return "nullptr"s;
+ }
+ };
+
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<float> {
+ static std::string convert(float value);
+ CATCH_EXPORT static int precision;
+ };
+
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<double> {
+ static std::string convert(double value);
+ CATCH_EXPORT static int precision;
+ };
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct StringMaker<T*> {
+ template <typename U>
+ static std::string convert(U* p) {
+ if (p) {
+ return ::Catch::Detail::rawMemoryToString(p);
+ } else {
+ return "nullptr";
+ }
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename R, typename C>
+ struct StringMaker<R C::*> {
+ static std::string convert(R C::* p) {
+ if (p) {
+ return ::Catch::Detail::rawMemoryToString(p);
+ } else {
+ return "nullptr";
+ }
+ }
+ };
+
+#if defined(_MANAGED)
+ template <typename T>
+ struct StringMaker<T^> {
+ static std::string convert( T^ ref ) {
+ return ::Catch::Detail::clrReferenceToString(ref);
+ }
+ };
+#endif
+
+ namespace Detail {
+ template<typename InputIterator, typename Sentinel = InputIterator>
+ std::string rangeToString(InputIterator first, Sentinel last) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << "{ ";
+ if (first != last) {
+ rss << ::Catch::Detail::stringify(*first);
+ for (++first; first != last; ++first)
+ rss << ", " << ::Catch::Detail::stringify(*first);
+ }
+ rss << " }";
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+ }
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Separate std-lib types stringification, so it can be selectively enabled
+// This means that we do not bring in their headers
+
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_ALL_STRINGMAKERS)
+# define CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_PAIR_STRINGMAKER
+# define CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_TUPLE_STRINGMAKER
+# define CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_VARIANT_STRINGMAKER
+# define CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_OPTIONAL_STRINGMAKER
+#endif
+
+// Separate std::pair specialization
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_PAIR_STRINGMAKER)
+#include <utility>
+namespace Catch {
+ template<typename T1, typename T2>
+ struct StringMaker<std::pair<T1, T2> > {
+ static std::string convert(const std::pair<T1, T2>& pair) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << "{ "
+ << ::Catch::Detail::stringify(pair.first)
+ << ", "
+ << ::Catch::Detail::stringify(pair.second)
+ << " }";
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+ };
+}
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_PAIR_STRINGMAKER
+
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_OPTIONAL_STRINGMAKER) && defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_OPTIONAL)
+#include <optional>
+namespace Catch {
+ template<typename T>
+ struct StringMaker<std::optional<T> > {
+ static std::string convert(const std::optional<T>& optional) {
+ if (optional.has_value()) {
+ return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(*optional);
+ } else {
+ return "{ }";
+ }
+ }
+ };
+ template <>
+ struct StringMaker<std::nullopt_t> {
+ static std::string convert(const std::nullopt_t&) {
+ return "{ }";
+ }
+ };
+}
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_OPTIONAL_STRINGMAKER
+
+// Separate std::tuple specialization
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_TUPLE_STRINGMAKER)
+#include <tuple>
+namespace Catch {
+ namespace Detail {
+ template<
+ typename Tuple,
+ std::size_t N = 0,
+ bool = (N < std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value)
+ >
+ struct TupleElementPrinter {
+ static void print(const Tuple& tuple, std::ostream& os) {
+ os << (N ? ", " : " ")
+ << ::Catch::Detail::stringify(std::get<N>(tuple));
+ TupleElementPrinter<Tuple, N + 1>::print(tuple, os);
+ }
+ };
+
+ template<
+ typename Tuple,
+ std::size_t N
+ >
+ struct TupleElementPrinter<Tuple, N, false> {
+ static void print(const Tuple&, std::ostream&) {}
+ };
+
+ }
+
+
+ template<typename ...Types>
+ struct StringMaker<std::tuple<Types...>> {
+ static std::string convert(const std::tuple<Types...>& tuple) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << '{';
+ Detail::TupleElementPrinter<std::tuple<Types...>>::print(tuple, rss.get());
+ rss << " }";
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+ };
+}
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_TUPLE_STRINGMAKER
+
+#if defined(CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_VARIANT_STRINGMAKER) && defined(CATCH_CONFIG_CPP17_VARIANT)
+#include <variant>
+namespace Catch {
+ template<>
+ struct StringMaker<std::monostate> {
+ static std::string convert(const std::monostate&) {
+ return "{ }";
+ }
+ };
+
+ template<typename... Elements>
+ struct StringMaker<std::variant<Elements...>> {
+ static std::string convert(const std::variant<Elements...>& variant) {
+ if (variant.valueless_by_exception()) {
+ return "{valueless variant}";
+ } else {
+ return std::visit(
+ [](const auto& value) {
+ return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(value);
+ },
+ variant
+ );
+ }
+ }
+ };
+}
+#endif // CATCH_CONFIG_ENABLE_VARIANT_STRINGMAKER
+
+namespace Catch {
+ // Import begin/ end from std here
+ using std::begin;
+ using std::end;
+
+ namespace Detail {
+ template <typename T, typename = void>
+ struct is_range_impl : std::false_type {};
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct is_range_impl<T, void_t<decltype(begin(std::declval<T>()))>> : std::true_type {};
+ } // namespace Detail
+
+ template <typename T>
+ struct is_range : Detail::is_range_impl<T> {};
+
+#if defined(_MANAGED) // Managed types are never ranges
+ template <typename T>
+ struct is_range<T^> {
+ static const bool value = false;
+ };
+#endif
+
+ template<typename Range>
+ std::string rangeToString( Range const& range ) {
+ return ::Catch::Detail::rangeToString( begin( range ), end( range ) );
+ }
+
+ // Handle vector<bool> specially
+ template<typename Allocator>
+ std::string rangeToString( std::vector<bool, Allocator> const& v ) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << "{ ";
+ bool first = true;
+ for( bool b : v ) {
+ if( first )
+ first = false;
+ else
+ rss << ", ";
+ rss << ::Catch::Detail::stringify( b );
+ }
+ rss << " }";
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+
+ template<typename R>
+ struct StringMaker<R, std::enable_if_t<is_range<R>::value && !::Catch::Detail::IsStreamInsertable<R>::value>> {
+ static std::string convert( R const& range ) {
+ return rangeToString( range );
+ }
+ };
+
+ template <typename T, size_t SZ>
+ struct StringMaker<T[SZ]> {
+ static std::string convert(T const(&arr)[SZ]) {
+ return rangeToString(arr);
+ }
+ };
+
+
+} // namespace Catch
+
+// Separate std::chrono::duration specialization
+#include <ctime>
+#include <ratio>
+#include <chrono>
+
+
+namespace Catch {
+
+template <class Ratio>
+struct ratio_string {
+ static std::string symbol() {
+ Catch::ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << '[' << Ratio::num << '/'
+ << Ratio::den << ']';
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct ratio_string<std::atto> {
+ static char symbol() { return 'a'; }
+};
+template <>
+struct ratio_string<std::femto> {
+ static char symbol() { return 'f'; }
+};
+template <>
+struct ratio_string<std::pico> {
+ static char symbol() { return 'p'; }
+};
+template <>
+struct ratio_string<std::nano> {
+ static char symbol() { return 'n'; }
+};
+template <>
+struct ratio_string<std::micro> {
+ static char symbol() { return 'u'; }
+};
+template <>
+struct ratio_string<std::milli> {
+ static char symbol() { return 'm'; }
+};
+
+ ////////////
+ // std::chrono::duration specializations
+ template<typename Value, typename Ratio>
+ struct StringMaker<std::chrono::duration<Value, Ratio>> {
+ static std::string convert(std::chrono::duration<Value, Ratio> const& duration) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << duration.count() << ' ' << ratio_string<Ratio>::symbol() << 's';
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+ };
+ template<typename Value>
+ struct StringMaker<std::chrono::duration<Value, std::ratio<1>>> {
+ static std::string convert(std::chrono::duration<Value, std::ratio<1>> const& duration) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << duration.count() << " s";
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+ };
+ template<typename Value>
+ struct StringMaker<std::chrono::duration<Value, std::ratio<60>>> {
+ static std::string convert(std::chrono::duration<Value, std::ratio<60>> const& duration) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << duration.count() << " m";
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+ };
+ template<typename Value>
+ struct StringMaker<std::chrono::duration<Value, std::ratio<3600>>> {
+ static std::string convert(std::chrono::duration<Value, std::ratio<3600>> const& duration) {
+ ReusableStringStream rss;
+ rss << duration.count() << " h";
+ return rss.str();
+ }
+ };
+
+ ////////////
+ // std::chrono::time_point specialization
+ // Generic time_point cannot be specialized, only std::chrono::time_point<system_clock>
+ template<typename Clock, typename Duration>
+ struct StringMaker<std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>> {
+ static std::string convert(std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration> const& time_point) {
+ return ::Catch::Detail::stringify(time_point.time_since_epoch()) + " since epoch";
+ }
+ };
+ // std::chrono::time_point<system_clock> specialization
+ template<typename Duration>
+ struct StringMaker<std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock, Duration>> {
+ static std::string convert(std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock, Duration> const& time_point) {
+ auto converted = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(time_point);
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+ std::tm timeInfo = {};
+ const auto err = gmtime_s(&timeInfo, &converted);
+ if ( err ) {
+ return "gmtime from provided timepoint has failed. This "
+ "happens e.g. with pre-1970 dates using Microsoft libc";
+ }
+#else
+ std::tm* timeInfo = std::gmtime(&converted);
+#endif
+
+ auto const timeStampSize = sizeof("2017-01-16T17:06:45Z");
+ char timeStamp[timeStampSize];
+ const char * const fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ";
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+ std::strftime(timeStamp, timeStampSize, fmt, &timeInfo);
+#else
+ std::strftime(timeStamp, timeStampSize, fmt, timeInfo);
+#endif
+ return std::string(timeStamp, timeStampSize - 1);
+ }
+ };
+}
+
+#include <catch2/interfaces/catch_interfaces_registry_hub.hpp>
+
+#define INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_ENUM( enumName, ... ) \
+namespace Catch { \
+ template<> struct StringMaker<enumName> { \
+ static std::string convert( enumName value ) { \
+ static const auto& enumInfo = ::Catch::getMutableRegistryHub().getMutableEnumValuesRegistry().registerEnum( #enumName, #__VA_ARGS__, { __VA_ARGS__ } ); \
+ return static_cast<std::string>(enumInfo.lookup( static_cast<int>( value ) )); \
+ } \
+ }; \
+}
+
+#define CATCH_REGISTER_ENUM( enumName, ... ) INTERNAL_CATCH_REGISTER_ENUM( enumName, __VA_ARGS__ )
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+#endif // CATCH_TOSTRING_HPP_INCLUDED